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Europe is home to a diverse range of countries, each with its own set of professional requirements for veterinarians and veterinary nurses.
Here’s a brief overview of the requirements for some of the main European nations:
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France:
To work as a veterinarian or veterinary nurse in France, you must be registered with the French Order of Veterinarians (Ordre des Vétérinaires). This requires completing a degree from an accredited veterinary school and passing a national exam. Fluency in French is also required.
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Germany:
In order to work as a veterinarian or veterinary nurse in Germany, you must hold a degree from an accredited veterinary school, pass the state veterinary exam, and register with the relevant state veterinary association (Landestierärztekammer).
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Netherlands:
To work as a veterinarian or veterinary nurse in the Netherlands, you must be registered with the Royal Dutch Veterinary Association (Koninklijke Nederlandse Maatschappij voor Diergeneeskunde). This requires completing an accredited veterinary degree program and passing a national exam.
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Scandinavia:
Each Scandinavian country (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland) has its own set of requirements for veterinarians and veterinary nurses. Generally, this involves completing an accredited veterinary degree program and passing a national exam, as well as registering with the relevant national veterinary association.
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Spain and Portugal:
To work as a veterinarian or veterinary nurse in Spain or Portugal, you must be registered with the relevant national veterinary association (Colegio de Veterinarios in Spain and Ordem dos Médicos Veterinários in Portugal). This requires completing an accredited veterinary degree program and passing a national exam.

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If you’re a non-EU resident looking to work as a veterinarian or veterinary nurse in Europe, you’ll typically need to obtain a work visa or permit in the country where you intend to work. The requirements for obtaining a work visa or permit may vary by country, but generally you’ll need to provide evidence of your qualifications, professional experience, and job offer from a licensed veterinary practice. You may also be required to demonstrate your proficiency in the local language.
For EU nationals, the rules are generally more flexible due to the freedom of movement within the EU. If you’re an EU national, you have the right to work and live in any other EU country without needing a work visa or permit. However, it’s still recommended to research the specific requirements for working as a veterinarian or veterinary nurse in the country where you intend to work, as some additional registration or licensing may be required.
Top tip
It’s important to note that the visa and work permit requirements for veterinarians and veterinary nurses may vary by country and may be subject to change.
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France:
The average annual salary for a veterinarian in France is around €50,000 to €80,000, depending on experience and location. Veterinary nurses in France typically earn between €20,000 to €30,000 per year.
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Germany:
The average annual salary for a veterinarian in Germany is around €60,000 to €100,000, depending on experience and specialization. Veterinary nurses in Germany typically earn between €20,000 to €40,000 per year.
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Netherlands:
The average annual salary for a veterinarian in the Netherlands is around €70,000 to €100,000, depending on experience and specialization. Veterinary nurses in the Netherlands typically earn between €25,000 to €40,000 per year.
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Scandinavia:
The average annual salary for a veterinarian in Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland) is around €60,000 to €120,000, depending on experience and location. Veterinary nurses in Scandinavia typically earn between €25,000 to €40,000 per year.
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Spain and Portugal:
The average annual salary for a veterinarian in Spain and Portugal is around €25,000 to €50,000, depending on experience and location. Veterinary nurses in these countries typically earn between €12,000 to €20,000 per year.

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France: In France, the personal income tax rates for 2023 range from 0% to 45%, depending on the level of income. The tax rates are progressive, meaning that higher incomes are subject to higher tax rates. For instance, the tax rate for an annual income of up to €10,084 is 0%, while the tax rate for an annual income of over €157,806 is 45%.
Germany: In Germany, the personal income tax rates for 2023 range from 0% to 45%, depending on the level of income. The tax rates are also progressive, with the tax rate for an annual income of up to €9,408 being 0%, while the tax rate for an annual income of over €274,612 is 45%.
Netherlands: In the Netherlands, the personal income tax rates for 2023 range from 9.70% to 49.50%, depending on the level of income. The tax rates are also progressive, with the tax rate for an annual income of up to €35,129 being 9.70%, while the tax rate for an annual income of over €68,508 is 49.50%.
Scandinavia: In Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland), the personal income tax rates for 2023 range from 0% to 55.90%, depending on the level of income. The tax rates are also progressive, with the tax rate for an annual income of up to €7,560 being 0% in Norway, while the tax rate for an annual income of over €83,746 is 55.90% in Denmark.
Spain and Portugal: In Spain and Portugal, the personal income tax rates for 2023 range from 14.50% to 52%, depending on the level of income. The tax rates are progressive, with the tax rate for an annual income of up to €12,450 being 14.50% in Spain, while the tax rate for an annual income of over €210,000 is 48% in Portugal.
It’s important to note that the personal tax rates for veterinarians and veterinary nurses may vary by country, region, and individual circumstances, and may also be subject to change. The above figures are intended to provide a rough overview of the personal tax rates in some of the main European nations. For the most accurate and up-to-date information, it’s best to consult with the relevant national tax authority or a qualified tax professional in the country where you intend to work
Frequently Asked Questions
Find answers to common questions about moving to Europe and building your veterinary career overseas.
How does GVC help vets relocate to Europe?
We work with veterinary employers across Europe and support you through the whole move. It starts with a conversation about the countries and roles that interest you, followed by tailored matching and interview preparation.
From there we guide you through registration with the relevant national veterinary body, any visa or work permit you need, and the offer and relocation stage, right up to your first day.
Does GVC help with licensing and registration?
Yes. Every European country has its own veterinary regulator and registration process, and several require fluency in the local language, so we guide candidates through the right route for their chosen country as part of every placement. We’ll explain what’s required, whether that’s the Ordre des Vétérinaires in France, a state veterinary association in Germany, or another national body, and help you get everything in place before you start.
Is there a cost to using GVC as a candidate?
No. Our service is free for veterinary professionals looking for work. As with most recruitment agencies, our fees are paid by the employers we work with, which means you can access our vacancies, career guidance and relocation support at no cost to you.
How much do vets earn in Europe?
Salaries vary considerably by country. In France, vets typically earn around €50,000–€80,000 and nurses €20,000–€30,000. In Germany it’s roughly €60,000–€100,000 for vets and €20,000–€40,000 for nurses; in the Netherlands around €70,000–€100,000 and €25,000–€40,000.
Scandinavia is broadly €60,000–€120,000 for vets and €25,000–€40,000 for nurses, while Spain and Portugal sit lower at around €25,000–€50,000 for vets and €12,000–€20,000 for nurses.
How do overseas vets get registered to work in Europe?
Each country has its own regulator and process. In France you register with the Ordre des Vétérinaires and must be fluent in French; in Germany with the relevant state veterinary association (Landestierärztekammer) after passing the state exam; in the Netherlands with the Royal Dutch Veterinary Association (KNMvD).
Scandinavian countries each have their own national association, and in Spain and Portugal you register with the Colegio de Veterinarios and Ordem dos Médicos Veterinários respectively. In every case you’ll need an accredited degree and, usually, to pass a national exam. Our team can guide you through the requirements for your chosen country.
What visa do I need to work as a vet in Europe?
It depends on your nationality. EU nationals benefit from freedom of movement and can work in another EU country without a visa, though some additional registration or licensing may still apply.
If you’re a non-EU resident, you’ll typically need a work visa or permit for the specific country, which usually requires proof of your qualifications and experience, a job offer from a licensed practice, and sometimes evidence of local language proficiency. Following Brexit, UK nationals now generally fall into the non-EU category and will usually need a visa. Our team can help you understand the route for your destination.
How can I find a veterinary job in Europe?
Browse our live European vacancies or upload your CV, and one of our consultants will be in touch to discuss your options. We work with employers across France, Germany, the Netherlands, Scandinavia, Spain, Portugal and beyond, covering both vet and nurse roles, and match you to opportunities that suit your experience and preferred location. We then support you through interviews, registration, and any visa or relocation requirements.
How much tax will I pay in Europe?
Tax rates differ from country to country and are progressive in most cases. France and Germany both range from 0% up to around 45%; the Netherlands runs from roughly 9.7% up to around 49.5%; Scandinavian countries reach the high fifties at the top end; and Spain and Portugal range from around 14.5% up to the low fifties. Your exact position depends on the country, region and your personal circumstances.